Kikokotoo cha hatifungani (bond)
Weka bei ya hatifungani kutokana na mavuno yake, au pata mavuno hadi kukomaa kutokana na bei, pamoja na muda (duration) na mavuno ya sasa.
Kuhusu Kikokotoo cha hatifungani (bond)
Weka bei ya hatifungani kutokana na mavuno yake, au pata mavuno hadi kukomaa kutokana na bei, pamoja na muda (duration) na mavuno ya sasa.
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Jinsi ya kutumia Kikokotoo cha hatifungani (bond)
Kinachohesabu na wakati wa kukitumia
Kinakadiria bei ya hatifungani kutokana na mavuno yake au kupata mavuno hadi kuiva kutokana na bei, na kuonyesha mavuno ya sasa na muda wa wastani (duration), unaopima hatari ya kiwango cha riba.
Jinsi ya kukitumia, hatua kwa hatua
- Chagua bei kutoka kwa mavuno, au mavuno kutoka kwa bei.
- Weka thamani ya uso, kiwango cha kuponi, kuponi kwa mwaka na miaka hadi kuiva.
- Weka mavuno au bei utakayolipa.
Maana ya kila ingizo
- Face Thamani – The Kiasi repaid at maturity.
- Coupon kiwango – The Kila mwaka Riba as a asilimia ya face Thamani.
- Yield hadi maturity – The return if held hadi maturity.
Jinsi ya kusoma matokeo
- Bond bei – Present value ya coupons na the face Thamani.
- Current yield – Annual coupon ÷ bei.
- Muda – The weighted average time to receive the cash flows. Modified duration estimates the price change for a 1% change in yield.
Fomula
Price = Σ coupon ÷ (1 + y ÷ m)^t + face ÷ (1 + y ÷ m)^n. Macaulay duration = Σ t × PV(cash flow t) ÷ price ÷ m. Yield to maturity is solved numerically.
Mfano uliofanyiwa kazi
A 1,000 bond with a 4% coupon paid twice a year for 10 years, priced to yield 5%, is worth 922.05. Its current yield is 4.338% and its Macaulay duration is 8.26 years.
Dhana na mipaka
- The purchase is on a coupon date with no accrued interest.
- No default risk.
- Taxes na dealing Gharama are excluded.
Makosa ya kawaida
- Assuming bond prices cannot fall. They fall when yields rise.
Maswali yanayoulizwa mara kwa mara
Kwa nini bei hushuka mavuno yanapopanda?
Kuponi za hatifungani hazibadiliki, kwa hivyo hatifungani mpya zinazolipa zaidi hufanya za zamani kuwa na thamani ndogo.
Zana zinazohusiana
Maelezo
- Annual coupon income
- £40.00
- Current yield
- 4.338%coupon ÷ bei
- Macaulay Muda
- miaka 8.26
- Modified Muda
- 8.05about this % bei hatua kwa a 1% change huko yield
- Jumla coupons received
- £400.00